Cupping therapy has gained wide public attention in recent years, often visible as the circular marks on athletes and celebrities. But it’s a practice with deep roots in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and other traditional healing systems around the world. Here’s a straightforward look at what cupping involves and what you might expect.
What Is Cupping Therapy?
Cupping involves placing cups on the skin and creating suction — either by briefly heating the air inside the cup (fire cupping) or using a pump (modern silicone or mechanical cups). The suction draws the skin and superficial muscle tissue upward into the cup, where it rests for several minutes.
In TCM, cupping is used to promote the flow of Qi and blood, release tension in the muscles and connective tissue, and address patterns of stagnation in specific areas of the body. It is commonly applied to the back, shoulders, and upper legs.
Types of Cupping
- Static cupping: Cups are placed and left in one position for a set amount of time (typically 5–15 minutes).
- Sliding cupping: Massage oil is applied to the skin, and the cups are moved along the muscles — more similar in feel to a deep massage.
- Flash cupping: Cups are quickly applied and removed in rapid succession to stimulate circulation over a broader area.
- Wet cupping (hijama): A small incision is made before cupping to draw out a small amount of blood; this is less common in TCM practice.
The Marks Explained
The circular discolorations (often ranging from pink to deep purple) are caused by small blood vessels near the skin surface responding to the suction. They are not bruises from impact. The colour and duration of the marks may give a TCM practitioner information about circulation and stagnation in that area. They typically fade within 3–10 days.
Who May Benefit
Cupping is commonly sought for muscle tension and soreness, upper back and neck tightness, and general relaxation. It is sometimes incorporated into treatment for respiratory concerns and other conditions, though evidence varies. Your practitioner will assess whether cupping is appropriate for you based on your individual health picture.
Who Should Avoid Cupping
Cupping is generally not applied to inflamed or broken skin, varicose veins, bony areas, or over active inflammation. It is typically contraindicated during pregnancy (on the abdomen and lower back) and for people with certain bleeding disorders or who take blood thinners. Always disclose your full health history to your practitioner before treatment.
What to Expect During and After
Most people find cupping comfortable or even relaxing, particularly sliding cupping. Static cupping can feel like a strong but tolerable suction sensation. After your session, the treated area may feel tender to the touch for a day or two. Staying hydrated and avoiding cold temperatures on the treated area is commonly recommended.